R & C | BOTANY | CULTIVATED DRYOPTERIS FERNS | SECTION 2.3: PANDAE
Section 2.3: Pandae Fraser-Jenk.

Fronds 1-2-pinnate, lanceolate to narrow-lanceolate. Stipe with scattered, usually pale lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate scales; blade pale-green, somewhat succulent-herbaceous; pinna lobes or pinnules usually with wide, obtuse or rounded apices.

KEY TO SPECIES OF SECTION PANDAE
1. Pinnae shallowly lobed, cut about 1/3 or less deep to pinnae midrib . . .15. D. tokyoensis

1. Pinnae deeply pinnately divided, cut 2/3 or more deep to pinnae midrib.

    2. Fertile pinnae noticeably narrower than the sterile ones and restricted to the upper 1/2 of the blade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14. D. ludoviciana

    2. Fertile and sterile pinnae of approximately the same width.

      3. Blade ovate-lanceolate, tapering gradually from below the middle to the tip; basal pinnae ovate-lanceolate; scales dark brown or pale brown with dark center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11. D. celsa

      3. Blade oblong-lanceolate, tapering in the distal 1/4; basal pinnae deltate to elongate-deltate; scales pale brown, with or without a dark brown center.

          4. Basal pinnae deltate (as long as or only slightly longer than wide); the pinnae of the fertile frond twisted at right angles to the blade surface as in an open venetian blind . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13. D. cristata 

        4. Basal pinnae elongate-deltate (ca. 2 times longer than wide); the pinnae of the fertile frond not strongly twisted . . . . . .12.D. clintoniana



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